(2-[Biotinamido]ethylamido)-3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester

Biotinamido-3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester is a biotinylated derivative of the lectin from Streptomyces griseus. It has been shown to bind to the mycolic acid on the surface of mycobacteria and activate inflammatory cells. The lectin has also been used as a vaccine adjuvant for tuberculosis and other bacterial infections. Biotinamido-3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester activates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and induces secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). TLR4 is a cell surface receptor that recognizes various microbial products, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS), peptidoglycan, and unmethylated CpG DNA.